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White Papers by Data Center Element Architecture Power Cooling Racks & Physical Structures Management Systems Security & Fire Protection Cabling Services

15 result(s) found.

Number	Abstract	Type	Size
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		341 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		176 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		94 KB
WP-18 v0	The Seven Types of Power Problems Many of the mysteries of equipment failure, downtime, software and data corruption, are often the result of a problematic supply of power. There is also a common problem with describing power problems in a standard way. This white paper will describe the most common types of power disturbances, what can cause them, what they can do to your critical equipment, and how to safeguard your equipment, using the IEEE standards for describing power quality problems.		199 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		213 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		195 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		45 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		872 KB
WP-32 v6	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Environmental Regulations Some lead-acid batteries located in data centers are subject to government environmental compliance regulations. While most commercial battery back-up systems fall below required reporting levels, very large UPS and DC plant batteries may have to comply. Failure to comply can result in costly penalties. Environmental compliance regulations focus on the amount of sulfuric acid and lead in a given location. This paper offers a high level summary of the regulations and provides a list of environmental compliance information resources.		331 KB
WP-34 v1	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Ventilation Lead-acid batteries are the most widely used method of energy reserve. Ventilation systems must address health and safety as well as performance of the battery and other equipment in a room. Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) batteries and modular battery cartridges (MBC) do not require special battery rooms and are suitable for use in an office environment. Air changes designed for human occupancy normally exceed the requirements for VRLA and MBC ventilation. Vented (flooded) batteries, which release hydrogen gas continuously, require a dedicated battery room with ventilation separate from the rest of the building. This paper summarizes some of the factors and codes to consider when selecting and sizing a ventilation system for a facility in which stationary batteries are installed.		52 KB
WP-33 v3	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Site Planning The site requirements and costs for protecting information technology and network environments are impacted by the choice of UPS battery technology. This paper will discuss how battery technologies impact site requirements.		162 KB
WP-17 v0	Understanding Power Factor, Crest Factor, and Surge Factor This White paper explains the technical terms of Power Factor, Crest Factor, and Surge Factor. The use of these terms in specifying UPS is explained.		61 KB
WP-39 v1	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: VRLA Reliability and Safety The Valve Regulated lead-Acid (VRLA) battery is the predominant choice for small and medium-sized Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) energy storage. This white paper explores how the technology affects overall battery life and system reliability. It will examine the expected performance, life cycle factors, and failure mechanisms of VRLA batteries.		98 KB
WP-30 v11	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Lead-Acid Battery Options The lead-acid battery is the predominant choice for Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) energy storage. Over 10 million UPSs are presently installed utilizing Flooded, Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA), and High Density Modular Battery Cartridges (HDBCMBC) systems. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these three battery technologies.		383 KB
WP-60 v0	Avoiding AC Capacitor Failures in Large UPS Systems Most AC power capacitor failures experienced in large UPS systems are avoidable. Capacitor failures can give rise to UPS failure and can in some cases cause critical load drops on stand-alone and paralleled systems. AC capacitor failures have historically been ascribed to unavoidable random failure or supplier defect. However, recent advances in the science of capacitor reliability analysis show that capacitor failures can be controlled by system design. This paper explains AC capacitor failure mechanisms and demonstrates how UPS designers and specifiers can avoid most common AC capacitor failures and the associated consequences.		743 KB