White Papers View All White Papers Back to SalesTools Home

Search Keyword: -or- Application: Business Desktop Cooling Diagnostics and Medical Imaging High Density Applications Home Networking Home/Small Office Industrial Computers Internet Service Provider & Co-Location Data Centers Military/Ruggedized Point-of Sale Equipment Power Generators Power Over Ethernet (POE) Power Racks Security and Environmental Server Consolidation Server Rooms & Data Centers Servers VOIP Wireless LANs (Wi-Fi) Wiring Closets -or- Number: 1 3 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 15 16 17 19 20 21 22 24 25 27 30 32 33 35 36 37 38 39 40 42 43 44 46 48 49 50 52 55 56 57 58 60 62 63 64 68 69 72 73 75 76 78 79 81 83 84 86 87 88 90 93 96 101 108 109 111 112 113 114 115 117 118 120 121 122 124 125 126 127 129 130 131 135 137 138 143 144 148 149 150 154 157 158 161

White Papers by Data Center Element Architecture Power Cooling Racks & Physical Structures Management Systems Security & Fire Protection Cabling Services

585 result(s) found.

Number	Abstract	Type	Size
WP-96 v0	A Hidden Reliability Threat in UPS Static Bypass Switches IT managers will be surprised to learn that some medium and high power UPS systems on the market today (rated 50 kW and higher) use undersized static bypass switches despite their negative implications. By using a contactor or a circuit breaker in parallel with SCRs, these static bypass switches are able use smaller, less expensive SCRs that are rated to carry less than full load current continuously. This paper shows that the availability of the UPS system is compromised when undersized static bypass switches are employed in the system. The advantages of fully rated static bypass switches are discussed.		557 KB
WP-127 v1	A Quantitative Comparison of High Efficiency AC vs. DC Power Distribution for Data Centers This paper presents a detailed quantitative efficiency comparison between the most efficient DC and AC power distribution methods, including an analysis of the effects of power distribution efficiency on the cooling power requirement and on total electrical consumption. The latest high efficiency AC and DC power distribution architectures are shown to have virtually the same efficiency, suggesting that a move to a DC-based architecture is unwarranted on the basis of efficiency.		1241 KB
WP-127 v1	A Quantitative Comparison of High Efficiency AC vs. DC Power Distribution for Data Centers This paper presents a detailed quantitative efficiency comparison between the most efficient DC and AC power distribution methods, including an analysis of the effects of power distribution efficiency on the cooling power requirement and on total electrical consumption. The latest high efficiency AC and DC power distribution architectures are shown to have virtually the same efficiency, suggesting that a move to a DC-based architecture is unwarranted on the basis of efficiency.		1300 KB
WP-127 v1	A Quantitative Comparison of High Efficiency AC vs. DC Power Distribution for Data Centers This paper presents a detailed quantitative efficiency comparison between the most efficient DC and AC power distribution methods, including an analysis of the effects of power distribution efficiency on the cooling power requirement and on total electrical consumption. The latest high efficiency AC and DC power distribution architectures are shown to have virtually the same efficiency, suggesting that a move to a DC-based architecture is unwarranted on the basis of efficiency.		1372 KB
WP-127 v1	A Quantitative Comparison of High Efficiency AC vs. DC Power Distribution for Data Centers This paper presents a detailed quantitative efficiency comparison between the most efficient DC and AC power distribution methods, including an analysis of the effects of power distribution efficiency on the cooling power requirement and on total electrical consumption. The latest high efficiency AC and DC power distribution architectures are shown to have virtually the same efficiency, suggesting that a move to a DC-based architecture is unwarranted on the basis of efficiency.		866 KB
WP-127 v1	A Quantitative Comparison of High Efficiency AC vs. DC Power Distribution for Data Centers This paper presents a detailed quantitative efficiency comparison between the most efficient DC and AC power distribution methods, including an analysis of the effects of power distribution efficiency on the cooling power requirement and on total electrical consumption. The latest high efficiency AC and DC power distribution architectures are shown to have virtually the same efficiency, suggesting that a move to a DC-based architecture is unwarranted on the basis of efficiency.		982 KB
WP-129 v0	A Scalable, Reconfigurable, and Efficient Data Center Power Distribution Architecture Significant improvements in efficiency, power density, power monitoring, and reconfigurability have been achieved in data center power distribution. The past techniques of massive transformer-based power distribution units feeding under-floor hardwired circuits via rigid or flexible conduit are shown to be obsolete. This paper explains some the newer approaches to power distribution including modular power distribution and overhead power busway, and shows their advantages when compared to the legacy approach.		1215 KB
WP-129 v0	A Scalable, Reconfigurable, and Efficient Data Center Power Distribution Architecture Significant improvements in efficiency, power density, power monitoring, and reconfigurability have been achieved in data center power distribution. The past techniques of massive transformer-based power distribution units feeding under-floor hardwired circuits via rigid or flexible conduit are shown to be obsolete. This paper explains some the newer approaches to power distribution including modular power distribution and overhead power busway, and shows their advantages when compared to the legacy approach.		547 KB
WP-63 v5	AC vs DC Power Distribution for Data Centers DC power distribution has been proposed as an alternative to AC power distribution in data centers, but misinformation and conflicting claims have confused the discussion. A detailed analysis and model show that many of the benefits commonly stated for DC distribution are unfounded or exaggerated. This paper explains why high efficiency AC will likely emerge as the dominant choice for data center power distribution.		360 KB
WP-63 v5	AC vs DC Power Distribution for Data Centers DC power distribution has been proposed as an alternative to AC power distribution in data centers, but misinformation and conflicting claims have confused the discussion. A detailed analysis and model show that many of the benefits commonly stated for DC distribution are unfounded or exaggerated. This paper explains why high efficiency AC will likely emerge as the dominant choice for data center power distribution.		491 KB
WP-63 v5	AC vs DC Power Distribution for Data Centers DC power distribution has been proposed as an alternative to AC power distribution in data centers, but misinformation and conflicting claims have confused the discussion. A detailed analysis and model show that many of the benefits commonly stated for DC distribution are unfounded or exaggerated. This paper explains why high efficiency AC will likely emerge as the dominant choice for data center power distribution.		538 KB
WP-115 v0	Accounting and Tax Benefits of Modular, Portable Data Center Infrastructure Well-informed accounting treatment of Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) assets provides significant opportunities to contribute to improving the financial performance of a business, institution, or organization. Design and manufacturing improvements in modular, scalable UPS systems, power distribution units (PDUs), and computer room air conditioners have not only created technological benefits, but provide entirely new NCPI asset management opportunities with direct and measurable financial benefits.		196 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1182 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1291 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1329 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1436 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1437 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		1492 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		545 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		557 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		558 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		585 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		594 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		848 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		931 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		953 KB
WP-55 v1	Air Distribution Architecture Options for Mission Critical Facilities There are nine basic ways to use air to cool equipment in data centers and network rooms. These methods vary in performance, cost, and ease of implementation. These methods are described along with their various advantages. The proper application of these cooling techniques is essential knowledge for Information Systems personnel as well as Facilities Managers.		962 KB
WP-121 v0	Airflow Uniformity Through Perforated Tiles in a Raised-Floor Data Center Perforated tiles on a raised floor often deliver substantially more or less airflow than expected, resulting in inefficiencies and even equipment failure due to inadequate cooling. In this paper, the impact of data center design parameters on perforated tile airflow is quantified and methods of improving the uniformity are discussed. This paper was written jointly by APC and IBM for the ASME InterPACK2005 Conference, held July 17-22 in San Francisco, California, USA. It is taken directly from the conference proceedings in its original form.		1618 KB
WP-161 v0	Allocating data center energy costs and carbon to IT users Are complicated software and instrumentation needed to measure and allocate energy costs and carbon to IT users? Or can we get by with simple, low cost methods for energy cost and carbon allocation? How precise do we need to be? This paper provides an overview of energy cost and carbon allocation strategies and their precision. We show that it is both easy and inexpensive for any data center, large or small, new or old, to get started allocating costs and carbon, but the expense and complexity escalate and ROI declines when excessive precision is specified.		971 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		234 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		258 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		325 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		326 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		343 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		379 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		402 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		54 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		590 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		619 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		630 KB
WP-64 v1	Alternative Power Generation Technologies for Data Centers and Network Rooms Fuel Cells and Micro Turbines are new technology alternatives for power generation for data centers and network rooms. This paper discusses the various modes of operation of these systems and examines benefits and drawbacks of the technologies when contrasted with conventional alternatives such as standby generators.		91 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1125 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1381 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1490 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1602 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1694 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1900 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		1938 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		2132 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		2326 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		769 KB
WP-126 v0	An Improved Architecture for High-Efficiency, High-Density Data Centers Data center power and cooling infrastructure worldwide wastes more than 60, 000, 000 megawatt-hours per year of electricity that does no useful work powering IT equipment. This represents an enormous financial burden on industry, and is a significant public policy environmental issue. This paper describes the principles of a new, commercially available data center architecture that can be implemented today to dramatically improve the electrical efficiency of data centers.		830 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		138 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		2006 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		266 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		272 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		277 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		325 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		343 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		398 KB
WP-49 v1	Avoidable Mistakes that Compromise Cooling Performance in Data Centers and Network Rooms Avoidable mistakes that are routinely made when installing cooling systems and racks in data centers or network rooms compromise availability and increase costs. These unintentional flaws create hot-spots, decrease fault tolerance, decrease efficiency, and reduce cooling capacity. Although facilities operators are often held accountable for cooling problems, many problems are actually caused by improper deployment of IT equipment outside of their control. This paper examines these typical mistakes, explains their principles, quantifies their impacts, and describes simple remedies.		475 KB
WP-60 v0	Avoiding AC Capacitor Failures in Large UPS Systems Most AC power capacitor failures experienced in large UPS systems are avoidable. Capacitor failures can give rise to UPS failure and can in some cases cause critical load drops on stand-alone and paralleled systems. AC capacitor failures have historically been ascribed to unavoidable random failure or supplier defect. However, recent advances in the science of capacitor reliability analysis show that capacitor failures can be controlled by system design. This paper explains AC capacitor failure mechanisms and demonstrates how UPS designers and specifiers can avoid most common AC capacitor failures and the associated consequences.		743 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		100 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		151 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		198 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		1989 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		246 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		253 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		262 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		45 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		539 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		60 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		629 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		649 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		67 KB
WP-37 v4	Avoiding Costs From Oversizing Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure The physical and power infrastructure of data centers and network rooms is typically oversized by more than 100%. Statistics related to oversizing are presented. The costs associated with oversizing are quantified. The fundamental reasons why oversizing occurs are discussed. An architecture and method for avoiding oversizing is described.		982 KB
WP-32 v6	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Environmental Regulations Some lead-acid batteries located in data centers are subject to government environmental compliance regulations. While most commercial battery back-up systems fall below required reporting levels, very large UPS and DC plant batteries may have to comply. Failure to comply can result in costly penalties. Environmental compliance regulations focus on the amount of sulfuric acid and lead in a given location. This paper offers a high level summary of the regulations and provides a list of environmental compliance information resources.		331 KB
WP-30 v11	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Lead-Acid Battery Options The lead-acid battery is the predominant choice for Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) energy storage. Over 10 million UPSs are presently installed utilizing Flooded, Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA), and High Density Modular Battery Cartridges (HDBCMBC) systems. This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of these three battery technologies.		383 KB
WP-35 v2	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Lifecycle Costs The lifecycle cost of different UPS battery technologies is compared. The costs associated with the purchase of batteries, the infrastructure costs, and the costs associated with inflexibility to meet changing requirements are discussed and quantified.		41 KB
WP-33 v3	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: Site Planning The site requirements and costs for protecting information technology and network environments are impacted by the choice of UPS battery technology. This paper will discuss how battery technologies impact site requirements.		162 KB
WP-39 v1	Battery Technology for Data Centers and Network Rooms: VRLA Reliability and Safety The Valve Regulated lead-Acid (VRLA) battery is the predominant choice for small and medium-sized Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) energy storage. This white paper explores how the technology affects overall battery life and system reliability. It will examine the expected performance, life cycle factors, and failure mechanisms of VRLA batteries.		98 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		120 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		177 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		192 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		242 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		251 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		260 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		310 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		332 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		344 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		377 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		619 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		72 KB
WP-25 v2	Calculating Total Cooling Requirements for Data Centers This document describes how to estimate heat output from Information Technology equipment and other devices in a data center such as UPS, for purposes of sizing air conditioning systems. A number of common conversion factors and design guideline values are also included.		81 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		211 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		217 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		300 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		304 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		315 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		318 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		329 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		338 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		342 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		363 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		583 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		616 KB
WP-3 v0	Calculating Total Power Requirements for Data Centers Part of data center planning and design is to align the power and cooling requirements of the IT equipment with the capacity of infrastructure equipment to provide it. This paper presents methods for calculating power and cooling requirements and provides guidelines for determining the total electrical power capacity needed to support the data center, including IT equipment, cooling equipment, lighting, and power backup.		93 KB
WP-9 v1	Common Mode Susceptibility of Computers This Technical Note examines and challenges the claims made in literature regarding the alleged high susceptibility of computers to common mode noise.		269 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		283 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		286 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		295 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		352 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		390 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		551 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		575 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		602 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		605 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		632 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		718 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		723 KB
WP-48 v0	Comparing Availability of Various Rack Power Redundancy Configurations Transfer switches and dual-path power distribution to IT equipment are used to enhance the availability of computing systems. Statistical availability analysis techniques suggest large differences in availability are expected between the various methods commonly employed. This paper examines various electrical architectures for redundancy that are implemented in today’s mission-critical environments. The availability analyses of these various scenarios are then performed and the results are presented. The analysis identifies which approach provides the best overall performance, and how alternatives compare in performance and value.		732 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		1239 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		1528 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		409 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		446 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		452 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		483 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		518 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		554 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		557 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		689 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		695 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		750 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		794 KB
WP-75 v2	Comparing UPS System Design Configurations There are five principle UPS system design configurations that distribute power from the utility source of a building to the critical loads of a data center. The selection of the appropriate configuration or combination thereof for a particular application is determined by the availability needs, risk tolerance, types of loads in the data center, budgets, and existing infrastructure. This paper will focus on these five configurations; the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The impact on availability is addressed for each configuration and guidelines are provided for choosing the appropriate design.		828 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1047 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1119 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1146 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1217 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1363 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1504 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		1963 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		280 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		567 KB
WP-40 v2	Cooling Audit for Identifying Potential Cooling Problems in Data Centers The compaction of Information Technology equipment and simultaneous increases in processor power consumption are creating challenges for data center managers in ensuring adequate distribution of cool air, removal of hot air and sufficient cooling capacity. This paper provides a checklist for assessing potential problems that can adversely affect the cooling environment within a data center.		694 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1149 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1177 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1197 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1254 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1267 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1341 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		1436 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		409 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		490 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		538 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		732 KB
WP-50 v0	Cooling Solutions for Rack Equipment with Side-to-Side Airflow Equipment with side-to-side airflow presents special cooling challenges in the modern data center. Common rack enclosures and rack layouts are fundamentally incompatible with side-to-side cooling, resulting in equipment that receives supply air of excessive temperature. This paper describes the problem along with several side-effects that are not generally appreciated. Various solutions to the problem are described along with their costs and benefits.		936 KB
WP-68 v0	Cooling Strategies for IT Wiring Closets and Small Rooms Cooling for IT wiring closets is rarely planned and typically only implemented after failures or overheating occur. Historically, no clear standard exists for specifying sufficient cooling to achieve predictable behavior within wiring closets. An appropriate specification for cooling IT wiring closets should assure compatibility with anticipated loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, maximize electrical efficiency, and be flexible enough to work in various shapes and types of closets. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of cooling for wiring closets.		1101 KB
WP-68 v0	Cooling Strategies for IT Wiring Closets and Small Rooms Cooling for IT wiring closets is rarely planned and typically only implemented after failures or overheating occur. Historically, no clear standard exists for specifying sufficient cooling to achieve predictable behavior within wiring closets. An appropriate specification for cooling IT wiring closets should assure compatibility with anticipated loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, maximize electrical efficiency, and be flexible enough to work in various shapes and types of closets. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of cooling for wiring closets.		1298 KB
WP-68 v0	Cooling Strategies for IT Wiring Closets and Small Rooms Cooling for IT wiring closets is rarely planned and typically only implemented after failures or overheating occur. Historically, no clear standard exists for specifying sufficient cooling to achieve predictable behavior within wiring closets. An appropriate specification for cooling IT wiring closets should assure compatibility with anticipated loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, maximize electrical efficiency, and be flexible enough to work in various shapes and types of closets. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of cooling for wiring closets.		1438 KB
WP-68 v0	Cooling Strategies for IT Wiring Closets and Small Rooms Cooling for IT wiring closets is rarely planned and typically only implemented after failures or overheating occur. Historically, no clear standard exists for specifying sufficient cooling to achieve predictable behavior within wiring closets. An appropriate specification for cooling IT wiring closets should assure compatibility with anticipated loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, maximize electrical efficiency, and be flexible enough to work in various shapes and types of closets. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of cooling for wiring closets.		2007 KB
WP-68 v0	Cooling Strategies for IT Wiring Closets and Small Rooms Cooling for IT wiring closets is rarely planned and typically only implemented after failures or overheating occur. Historically, no clear standard exists for specifying sufficient cooling to achieve predictable behavior within wiring closets. An appropriate specification for cooling IT wiring closets should assure compatibility with anticipated loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, maximize electrical efficiency, and be flexible enough to work in various shapes and types of closets. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of cooling for wiring closets.		790 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		1088 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		183 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		212 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		217 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		267 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		287 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		298 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		421 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		432 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		454 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		471 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		527 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		558 KB
WP-46 v6	Cooling Strategies for Ultra-High Density Racks and Blade Servers Rack power of 10 kW per rack or more can result from the deployment of high density information technology equipment such as blade servers. This creates difficult cooling challenges in a data center environment where the industry average rack power consumption is under 2 kW. Five strategies for deploying ultra-high power racks are described, covering practical solutions for both new and existing data centers.		875 KB
WP-148 v0	Data Center Projects: Commissioning Failure to properly commission a data center leaves the door wide open for expensive and disruptive downtime that could have been avoided. Integrated commissioning of all physical infrastructure components assures maximum data center performance and justifies the physical infrastructure investment. This paper reviews the desired outputs and identifies the standard inputs of the commissioning data center project step. The commissioning process flow is described and critical success factors are discussed. The commissioning process inputs and outputs are also placed in context with other key data center project process phases and steps.		235 KB
WP-144 v0	Data Center Projects: Establishing a Floor Plan A floor plan strongly affects the power density capability and electrical efficiency of a data center. Despite this critical role in data center design, many floor plans are established through incremental deployment without a central plan. Once a poor floor plan has been deployed, it is often difficult or impossible to recover the resulting loss of performance. This paper provides structured floor plan guidelines for defining room layouts and for establishing IT equipment layouts within existing rooms.		440 KB
WP-143 v0	Data Center Projects: Growth Model Long term data center or network room capacity planning may seem impossible in the face of evolving IT technology and business requirements. Nevertheless, data center facilities have a lifetime that may span many generations of IT equipment, so planning – or lack of planning – can have a large impact on the effectiveness of investments. Many unnecessary costs can be avoided with simple planning strategies, and even uncertainty itself can be incorporated into a plan. This paper shows a simple and effective way to develop a capacity plan for a data center or network room.		965 KB
WP-36 v0	Data Center VRLA Battery End-of-Life Recycling Procedures Contrary to popular belief, the recycling of lead-acid batteries, which are the most common batteries found in data centers, is one of the most successful recycling systems that the world has ever seen. Reputable battery manufacturers, suppliers, and recycling companies have teamed up to establish a mature and highly efficient lead-acid battery recycling process. This paper reviews battery end-of-life options and describes how a reputable vendor can greatly facilitate the safe disposal and recycling of VRLA lead-acid batteries.		897 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		1800 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		199 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		244 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		299 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		49 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		50 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		508 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		56 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		621 KB
WP-6 v3	Determining Total Cost of Ownership for Data Center and Network Room Infrastructure An improved method for measuring Total Cost of Ownership of data center and network room physical infrastructure and relating these costs to the overall Information Technology infrastructure is described, with examples. The cost drivers of TCO are quantified. The largest cost driver is shown to be unnecessary unabsorbed costs resulting from the oversizing of the infrastructure.		720 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		176 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		210 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		252 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		283 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		287 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		546 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		552 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		555 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		590 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		597 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		642 KB
WP-43 v2	Dynamic Power Variations in Data Centers and Network Rooms The power requirement required by data centers and network rooms varies on a minute by minute basis depending on the computational load. This magnitude of this variation has grown and continues to grow dramatically with the deployment of power management technologies in servers and communication equipment. This variation gives rise to new problems relating to availability and management.		706 KB
WP-24 v2	Effect of UPS on System Availability This note explains how system availability and up-time are affected by AC power outages and provides quantitative data regarding up-time in real-world environments, including the effect of UPS on up time.		101 KB
WP-27 v2	Efficiency and Other Benefits of 208 Volt Over 120 Volt Input for IT Equipment Decisions made regarding the distribution of 208V or 120V power to IT equipment can significantly impact overall efficiency of the data center. This paper explores the voltage connection options of 208 volt (V) and 120V for servers in North America and considers the efficiency implications of these choices. This same discussion applies to the use of 200V vs. 100V in Japan.		247 KB
WP-154 v1	Electrical Efficiency Measurement for Data Centers Data center electrical efficiency is rarely planned or managed. The unfortunate result is that most data centers waste substantial amounts of electricity. Today it is both possible and prudent to plan, measure, and improve data center efficiency. In addition to reducing electrical consumption, efficiency improvements can gain users higher IT power densities and the ability to install more IT equipment in a given installation. This paper explains how data center efficiency can be measured, evaluated, and modeled, including a comparison of the benefits of periodic assessment vs. continuous monitoring.		1160 KB
WP-154 v1	Electrical Efficiency Measurement for Data Centers Data center electrical efficiency is rarely planned or managed. The unfortunate result is that most data centers waste substantial amounts of electricity. Today it is both possible and prudent to plan, measure, and improve data center efficiency. In addition to reducing electrical consumption, efficiency improvements can gain users higher IT power densities and the ability to install more IT equipment in a given installation. This paper explains how data center efficiency can be measured, evaluated, and modeled, including a comparison of the benefits of periodic assessment vs. continuous monitoring.		1322 KB
WP-154 v1	Electrical Efficiency Measurement for Data Centers Data center electrical efficiency is rarely planned or managed. The unfortunate result is that most data centers waste substantial amounts of electricity. Today it is both possible and prudent to plan, measure, and improve data center efficiency. In addition to reducing electrical consumption, efficiency improvements can gain users higher IT power densities and the ability to install more IT equipment in a given installation. This paper explains how data center efficiency can be measured, evaluated, and modeled, including a comparison of the benefits of periodic assessment vs. continuous monitoring.		1478 KB
WP-154 v1	Electrical Efficiency Measurement for Data Centers Data center electrical efficiency is rarely planned or managed. The unfortunate result is that most data centers waste substantial amounts of electricity. Today it is both possible and prudent to plan, measure, and improve data center efficiency. In addition to reducing electrical consumption, efficiency improvements can gain users higher IT power densities and the ability to install more IT equipment in a given installation. This paper explains how data center efficiency can be measured, evaluated, and modeled, including a comparison of the benefits of periodic assessment vs. continuous monitoring.		2402 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1154 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1287 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1592 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1596 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1659 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1673 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		1680 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		586 KB
WP-113 v1	Electrical Efficiency Modeling for Data Centers Conventional models for estimating electrical efficiency of data centers are grossly inaccurate for real-world installations. Estimates of electrical losses are typically made by summing the inefficiencies of various electrical devices, such as power and cooling equipment. This paper shows that the values commonly used for estimating equipment inefficiency are quite inaccurate. A simple, more accurate efficiency model is described that provides a rational basis to identify and quantify waste in power and cooling equipment.		985 KB
WP-137 v0	Energy Efficient Cooling for Data Centers: A Close-Coupled Row Solution The trend of increasing heat densities in data centers has held consistent with advances in computing technology for many years. As power density increased, it became evident that the degree of difficulty in cooling these higher power demand loads was also increasing. In recent years, traditional cooling system design has proven inadequate to remove concentrated heat loads (up to and greater than 20 kW per rack). This has driven an architectural shift in data center cooling. The advent of a newer cooling architecture that was designed for the higher densities has brought with it increased efficiencies for the data center. This article discusses the efficiency benefits of row-based cooling compared to two other common cooling architectures.		1855 KB
WP-138 v0	Energy Impact of Increased Server Inlet Temperature The quest for efficiency improvement raises questions regarding the optimal air temperature for data centers. The ASHRAE TC-9.9 committee has recently adopted an extension of the recommended thermal envelope for server inlet temperature and humidity. A popular hypothesis suggests that total energy demands should diminish as the server inlet temperatures increase. This paper tests that hypothesis through the development of a composite power consumption baseline for a mixture of servers as a function of inlet temperature and applying this data to a variety of cooling architectures.		201 KB
WP-138 v0	Energy Impact of Increased Server Inlet Temperature The quest for efficiency improvement raises questions regarding the optimal air temperature for data centers. The ASHRAE TC-9.9 committee has recently adopted an extension of the recommended thermal envelope for server inlet temperature and humidity. A popular hypothesis suggests that total energy demands should diminish as the server inlet temperatures increase. This paper tests that hypothesis through the development of a composite power consumption baseline for a mixture of servers as a function of inlet temperature and applying this data to a variety of cooling architectures.		2603 KB
WP-138 v0	Energy Impact of Increased Server Inlet Temperature The quest for efficiency improvement raises questions regarding the optimal air temperature for data centers. The ASHRAE TC-9.9 committee has recently adopted an extension of the recommended thermal envelope for server inlet temperature and humidity. A popular hypothesis suggests that total energy demands should diminish as the server inlet temperatures increase. This paper tests that hypothesis through the development of a composite power consumption baseline for a mixture of servers as a function of inlet temperature and applying this data to a variety of cooling architectures.		602 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		185 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		185 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		186 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		187 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		188 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		188 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		189 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		191 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		191 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		198 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		224 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		244 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		254 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		286 KB
WP-7 v2	Essential Rack System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective mission critical installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past data center designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized collection of rack system challenges and requirements as obtained through systematic user interviews.		303 KB
WP-90 v0	Essential Standby Generator System Requirements for Next Generation Data Centers Effective standby generator system installations must address the known problems and challenges relating to current and past designs. This paper presents a categorized and prioritized overview of generator system challenges and the requirements needed to overcome them.		218 KB
WP-11 v1	Explanation of Cooling and Air Conditioning Terminology for IT Professionals As power densities continue to increase in today’s data centers, heat removal is becoming a greater concern for the IT professional. Unfortunately, air conditioning terminology routinely used in the cooling industry is unnecessarily complicated. This complexity makes it difficult and frustrating for IT professionals to specify cooling requirements and even makes it difficult to discuss current cooling system performance with contractors, engineers, and maintenance personnel. This paper explains cooling terms in common language, providing an essential reference for IT professionals and data center operators.		93 KB
WP-72 v0	Five Basic Steps for Efficient Space Organization within High Density Enclosures Organizing components and cables within high density enclosures need not be a stressful, time consuming chore. In fact, thanks to the flexibility of new enclosure designs, a standard for organizing enclosure space, including power and data cables can be easily implemented. This paper provides a five step roadmap for standardizing and optimizing organization within both low and high density enclosures, with special emphasis on how to plan for higher densities.		2401 KB
WP-52 v0	Four Steps to Determine When a Standby Generator is Needed for Small Data Centers and Network Rooms Small data centers and network rooms vary dramatically in regard to the amount of UPS runtime commonly deployed. This paper describes a rational framework for establishing backup time requirements. Tradeoffs between supplemental UPS batteries and standby generators are discussed, including a total cost of ownership (TCO) analysis to help identify which solution makes the most economic sense. The analysis illustrates that the runtime at which generators become more cost effective than batteries varies dramatically with kW and ranges from approximately 20 minutes to over 10 hours.		295 KB
WP-57 v2	Fundamental Principles of Air Conditioners for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to understand the function of air conditioning in the data center or network room. This introductory paper explains the function of basic components of an air conditioning system for a computer room. The concepts presented here are a foundation for allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities.		381 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		215 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		265 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		380 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		570 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		623 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		637 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		645 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		702 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		703 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		735 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		831 KB
WP-93 v0	Fundamental Principles of Generators for Information Technology Every Information Technology professional who is responsible for the operation of computing equipment needs to ensure their data center or network room is prepared for extended utility power outages. Understanding the basic functions and concepts of standby generator systems helps provide a solid foundation allowing IT professionals to successfully specify, install, and operate critical facilities. This paper is an introduction to standby generators and subsystems that power a facility’s critical electrical loads when the utility cannot.		985 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		1001 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		1086 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		1103 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		411 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		539 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		693 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		754 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		755 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		759 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		766 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		766 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		783 KB
WP-101 v0	Fundamental Principles of Network Security Security incidents are rising at an alarming rate every year. As the complexity of the threats increases, so do the security measures required to protect networks. Data center operators, network administrators, and other data center professionals need to comprehend the basics of security in order to safely deploy and manage networks today. This paper covers the fundamentals of secure networking systems, including firewalls, network topology and secure protocols. Best practices are also given that introduce the reader to some of the more critical aspects of securing a network.		832 KB
WP-158 v0	Guidance for Calculation of Efficiency (PUE) in Data Centers Before data center infrastructure efficiency can be benchmarked using PUE or other metrics, there must be agreement on exactly what power consumptions constitute IT loads, what consumptions constitute physical infrastructure, and what loads should not be counted. Unfortunately, commonly published efficiency data is not computed using a standard methodology, and the same data center will have different efficiency ratings when different methodologies are applied. This paper explains the problem and describes a standardized method for classifying data center loads for efficiency calculations.		337 KB
WP-122 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Criticality / Tier Levels A framework for benchmarking a future data center’s operational performance is essential for effective planning and decision making. Currently available criticality or tier methods do not provide defensible specifications for validating data center performance. An appropriate specification for data center criticality should provide unambiguous defensible language for the design and installation of a data center. This paper analyzes and compares existing tier methods, describes how to choose a criticality level, and proposes a defensible data center criticality specification. Maintaining a data center’s criticality is also discussed.		348 KB
WP-122 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Criticality / Tier Levels A framework for benchmarking a future data center’s operational performance is essential for effective planning and decision making. Currently available criticality or tier methods do not provide defensible specifications for validating data center performance. An appropriate specification for data center criticality should provide unambiguous defensible language for the design and installation of a data center. This paper analyzes and compares existing tier methods, describes how to choose a criticality level, and proposes a defensible data center criticality specification. Maintaining a data center’s criticality is also discussed.		595 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		239 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		341 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		442 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		442 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		471 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		494 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		505 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		730 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		817 KB
WP-120 v0	Guidelines for Specification of Data Center Power Density Conventional methods for specifying data center density are ambiguous and misleading. Describing data center density using Watts / ft2 or Watts / m2 is not sufficient to determine power or cooling compatibility with high density computing loads like blade servers. Historically there is no clear standard way of specifying data centers to achieve predictable behavior with high density loads. An appropriate specification for data center density should assure compatibility with anticipated high density loads, provide unambiguous instruction for design and installation of power and cooling equipment, prevent oversizing, and maximize electrical efficiency. This paper describes the science and practical application of an improved method for the specification of power and cooling infrastructure for data centers.		882 KB
WP-38 v0	Harmonic Currents in the Data Center: A Case Study This document provides an overview of how problems related to harmonic neutral currents are mitigated by load diversity, with specific focus on Information Technology data center environments. Detailed measurements of an actual operating data center are presented. This case study illustrates the way that load diversity mitigates harmonic current levels, lowers shared neutral current in multi-wire feeders and branch circuits, and improves total circuit power factor.		98 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		14164 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		1483 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		267 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		364 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		544 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		595 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		652 KB
WP-135 v0	Hot Aisle vs. Cold Aisle Containment Both hot and cold air containment can significantly improve the predictability and efficiency of data center cooling systems. While both approaches eliminate the mixing of hot and cold air, there are practical differences in implementation that have significant consequences. This paper examines both methodologies and highlights the reasons why hot aisle containment emerges as the preferred best practice.		997 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		175 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		312 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		313 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		317 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		329 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		413 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		431 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		458 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		493 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		569 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		711 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		727 KB
WP-56 v2	How and Why Mission-Critical Cooling Systems Differ From Common Air Conditioners Today's technology rooms require precise, stable environments in order for sensitive electronics to operate optimally. Standard comfort air conditioning is ill suited for technology rooms, leading to system shutdowns and component failures. Because precision air conditioning maintains temperature and humidity within a very narrow range, it provides the environmental stability required by sensitive electronic equipment, allowing your business to avoid expensive downtime.		739 KB
WP-58 v1	Humidification Strategies for Data Centers and Network Rooms The control of humidity in Information Technology environments is essential to achieving high availability. This paper explains how humidity affects equipment and why humidity control is required. Quantitative design guidelines for existing and new computing installations are discussed. Alternative methods to achieve desired humidity are described and contrasted. The difficult issue of how and where humidity should be measured is explained. The hidden costs associated with over-humidification are described.		398 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		1213 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		147 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		164 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		277 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		430 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		702 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		936 KB
WP-114 v0	Implementing Energy Efficient Data Centers Electricity usage costs have become an increasing fraction of the total cost of ownership (TCO) for data centers. It is possible to dramatically reduce the electrical consumption of typical data centers through appropriate design of the network-critical physical infrastructure and through the design of the IT architecture. This paper explains how to quantify the electricity savings and provides examples of methods that can greatly reduce electrical power consumption.		994 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1022 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1023 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1034 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1044 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1068 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1140 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1163 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		1167 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		432 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		747 KB
WP-131 v0	Improved Chilled Water Piping Distribution Methodology for Data Centers Chilled water remains a popular cooling medium; however leaks in the piping systems are a threat to system availability. High density computing creates the need to bring chilled water closer than ever before to the IT equipment, prompting the need for new high reliability piping methods. This paper discusses new piping approaches which can dramatically reduce the risk of leakage and facilitate high density deployment. Alternative piping approaches and the advantages over traditional piping systems are described.		973 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		271 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		313 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		313 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		320 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		320 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		415 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		423 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		448 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		490 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		494 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		508 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		647 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		698 KB
WP-44 v3	Improving Rack Cooling Performance Using Airflow Management Blanking Panels Unused vertical space in open frame racks and rack enclosures creates an unrestricted recycling of hot air that causes equipment to heat up unnecessarily. The use of airflow management blanking panels can reduce this problem. This paper explains and quantifies the effects of airflow management blanking panels on cooling system performance.		749 KB
WP-8 v1	Inter-System Ground Noise: Causes and Effects Many power-related problems are the result of Inter-System Ground Noise. This problem cannot be corrected using typical AC-only power protection equipment. The cause and solution of Inter-System Ground Noise problems are described.		272 KB
WP-13 v1	Leading Consulting Engineers Discuss Power Factor, Real Power, and UPS Overload The purpose of this paper is to document expert opinions from leading consulting engineers regarding various power trends that are occurring in the IT industry.		542 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		1090 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		1191 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		1351 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		3151 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		370 KB
WP-108 v1	Making Large UPS Systems More Efficient As energy resources become scarcer and more expensive, electrical efficiency is becoming a more important performance factor in the specification and selection of large UPS systems. There are three subtle but significant factors that can materially affect a company’s cost of operating a UPS system and particularly the electrical bill. Unfortunately, the people who specify systems often fail to recognize these factors, which leads to increased costs to the owner because operational efficiencies are not correctly considered. This paper discusses the common errors and misunderstandings in evaluating UPS efficiency. UPS efficiency curves are explained, compared, and their cost implications quantified.		939 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		238 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		250 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		267 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		280 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		374 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		403 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		424 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		437 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		492 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		638 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		703 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		90 KB
WP-78 v0	Mean Time Between Failure: Explanation and Standards Mean Time Between Failure is a reliability term used loosely throughout many industries and has become widely abused in some. Over the years the original meaning of this term has been altered which has led to confusion and cynicism. MTBF is largely based on assumptions and definition of failure and attention to these details are paramount to proper interpretation. This paper explains the underlying complexities and misconceptions of MTBF and the methods available for estimating it.		91 KB
WP-83 v1	Mitigating Fire Risks in Mission Critical Facilities This paper provides a clear understanding of the creation, detection, suppression, and prevention of fire within mission critical facilities. Fire codes for Information Technology environments are discussed. Best practices for increasing availability are provided.		273 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1005 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1019 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1020 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1021 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1031 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		1132 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		311 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		374 KB
WP-76 v0	Modular Systems: The Evolution of Reliability Nature proved early on that in complex systems, modular designs are the ones that survive and thrive. An important contributor to this success is the critical reliability advantage of fault tolerance, in which a modular system can shift operation from failed modules to healthy ones while repairs are made. In data centers, modular design has already taken root in new fault tolerant architectures for servers and storage systems. As data centers continue to evolve and borrow from nature’s blueprints, IT reliability analysis must also evolve to understand new strategies for survival, recovery, and growth.		993 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1031 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1225 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1231 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1297 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1411 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1499 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1536 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1587 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1632 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		1711 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		6990 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		8116 KB
WP-84 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Enterprise Wireless LANs Wireless LAN (WLAN) deployments can result in unexpected or unplanned power, cooling, management and security requirements. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), and they do not provide adequate ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) requirements of WLAN equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective deployment. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI while deploying indoor WLANs in small, medium or large enterprise, with emphasis on power and cooling. Simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities or building new facilities are described.		872 KB
WP-86 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure for Medical Imaging & Diagnostic Equipment Medical imaging and diagnostic equipment (MIDE) is increasingly being networked to Picture Archiving and Communications Systems (PACS), Radiology Information Systems (RIS), Hospital Information Systems (HIS), and getting connected to the hospital intranet as well as the Internet. Failing to implement the necessary Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI) can result in unexpected downtime, and safety and compliance issues, which translates into lost revenue and exposure to expensive litigations, negatively affecting the bottom line. This paper explains how to plan for NCPI when deploying medical imaging and diagnostic equipment, with emphasis on power and cooling.		995 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1090 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1111 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1168 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1240 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1245 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1347 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1543 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1594 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1611 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		1625 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		601 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		765 KB
WP-117 v0	Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure: Optimizing Business Value To stay competitive in today’s rapidly changing business world, companies must update the way they view the value of their investment in Network-Critical Physical Infrastructure (NCPI). No longer are simply availability and upfront cost sufficient to make adequate business decisions. Agility, or business flexibility, and low total cost of ownership have become equally important to companies that will succeed in a global, ever-changing marketplace.		964 KB
WP-21 v0	Neutral Wire Facts and Mythology This Technical Note discusses many common misunderstandings about the function of the neutral wire and its relation to power problems. The subjects of dedicated lines, phase reversal, isolation transformers, and grounding are addressed. Various myths are described and criticized.		92 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		1178 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		147 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		297 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		310 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		323 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		419 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		446 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		455 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		456 KB
WP-112 v0	Performing Effective MTBF Comparisons for Data Center Infrastructure Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is often proposed as a key decision making criterion when comparing data center infrastructure systems. Misleading values are often provided by vendors, leaving the user incapable of making a meaningful comparison. When the variables and assumptions behind the numbers are unknown or are misinterpreted, bad decisions are inevitable. This paper explains how MTBF can be effectively used as one of several factors for specification and selection of systems, by making the assumptions explicit.		461 KB
WP-150 v0	Power and Cooling Capacity Management for Data Centers High density IT equipment stresses the power density capability of modern data centers. Installation and unmanaged proliferation of this equipment can lead to unexpected problems with power and cooling infrastructure including overheating, overloads, and loss of redundancy. The ability to measure and predict power and cooling capability at the rack enclosure level is required to ensure predictable performance and optimize use of the physical infrastructure resource. This paper describes the principles for achieving power and cooling capacity management.		1988 KB
WP-150 v0	Power and Cooling Capacity Management for Data Centers High density IT equipment stresses the power density capability of modern data centers. Installation and unmanaged proliferation of this equipment can lead to unexpected problems with power and cooling infrastructure including overheating, overloads, and loss of redundancy. The ability to measure and predict power and cooling capability at the rack enclosure level is required to ensure predictable performance and optimize use of the physical infrastructure resource. This paper describes the principles for achieving power and cooling capacity management.		2207 KB
WP-150 v0	Power and Cooling Capacity Management for Data Centers High density IT equipment stresses the power density capability of modern data centers. Installation and unmanaged proliferation of this equipment can lead to unexpected problems with power and cooling infrastructure including overheating, overloads, and loss of redundancy. The ability to measure and predict power and cooling capability at the rack enclosure level is required to ensure predictable performance and optimize use of the physical infrastructure resource. This paper describes the principles for achieving power and cooling capacity management.		829 KB
WP-150 v0	Power and Cooling Capacity Management for Data Centers High density IT equipment stresses the power density capability of modern data centers. Installation and unmanaged proliferation of this equipment can lead to unexpected problems with power and cooling infrastructure including overheating, overloads, and loss of redundancy. The ability to measure and predict power and cooling capability at the rack enclosure level is required to ensure predictable performance and optimize use of the physical infrastructure resource. This paper describes the principles for achieving power and cooling capacity management.		870 KB
WP-88 v0	Power and Cooling Considerations for Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) can cut costs by enabling, for the first time, the deployment of a single Ethernet cable for simultaneous access to both power and data. However, lack of a power and cooling plan to support the PoE implementation can result in unanticipated downtime. This paper illustrates which power and cooling factors to consider when safeguarding a PoE investment.		3 KB
WP-88 v0	Power and Cooling Considerations for Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) Power-over-Ethernet (PoE) can cut costs by enabling, for the first time, the deployment of a single Ethernet cable for simultaneous access to both power and data. However, lack of a power and cooling plan to support the PoE implementation can result in unanticipated downtime. This paper illustrates which power and cooling factors to consider when safeguarding a PoE investment.		415 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		1049 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		1145 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		1218 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		1398 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		1461 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		530 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		551 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		597 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		686 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		772 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		808 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		830 KB
WP-69 v0	Power and Cooling for VoIP and IP Telephony Applications Voice Over IP (VoIP) deployments can cause unexpected or unplanned power and cooling requirements in wiring closets and wiring rooms. Most wiring closets do not have uninterruptible power available, and they do not provide the ventilation or cooling required to prevent equipment overheating. Understanding the unique cooling and powering needs of VoIP equipment allows planning for a successful and cost effective VoIP deployment. This paper explains how to plan for VoIP power and cooling needs, and describes simple, fast, reliable, and cost effective strategies for upgrading old facilities and building new facilities.		888 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1063 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1139 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1146 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1386 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1396 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		1752 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		482 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		491 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		538 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		780 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		940 KB
WP-62 v0	Powering Single-Corded Equipment in a Dual Path Environment The use of dual power path architecture in combination with IT equipment with dual power supplies and power cords is an industry best-practice. In facilities using this approach there are inevitably some IT devices which have only a single power cord. There are a number of options for integrating single-corded devices into a high availability dual path data center. This paper explains the differences between the various options and provides a guide to selecting the appropriate approach.		954 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		252 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		299 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		410 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		414 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		473 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		485 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		616 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		762 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		791 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		830 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		875 KB
WP-10 v2	Preventing Data Corruption in the Event of an Extended Power Outage Despite advances in computer technology, power outages continue to be a major cause of PC and server downtime. Protecting computer systems with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) hardware is part of a total solution, but power management software is also necessary to prevent data corruption after extended power outages. Various software configurations are discussed, and best practices aimed at ensuring uptime are presented.		951 KB
WP-124 v0	Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Data Centers In the broadening data center cost-saving and energy efficiency discussion, data center physical infrastructure preventive maintenance (PM) is sometimes neglected as an important tool for controlling TCO and downtime. PM is performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. IT and facilities managers can improve systems uptime through a better understanding of PM best practices. This white paper describes the types of PM services that can help safeguard the uptime of data centers and IT equipment rooms. Various PM methodologies and approaches are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested.		1912 KB
WP-124 v0	Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Data Centers In the broadening data center cost-saving and energy efficiency discussion, data center physical infrastructure preventive maintenance (PM) is sometimes neglected as an important tool for controlling TCO and downtime. PM is performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. IT and facilities managers can improve systems uptime through a better understanding of PM best practices. This white paper describes the types of PM services that can help safeguard the uptime of data centers and IT equipment rooms. Various PM methodologies and approaches are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested.		1942 KB
WP-124 v0	Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Data Centers In the broadening data center cost-saving and energy efficiency discussion, data center physical infrastructure preventive maintenance (PM) is sometimes neglected as an important tool for controlling TCO and downtime. PM is performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. IT and facilities managers can improve systems uptime through a better understanding of PM best practices. This white paper describes the types of PM services that can help safeguard the uptime of data centers and IT equipment rooms. Various PM methodologies and approaches are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested.		1959 KB
WP-124 v0	Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Data Centers In the broadening data center cost-saving and energy efficiency discussion, data center physical infrastructure preventive maintenance (PM) is sometimes neglected as an important tool for controlling TCO and downtime. PM is performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. IT and facilities managers can improve systems uptime through a better understanding of PM best practices. This white paper describes the types of PM services that can help safeguard the uptime of data centers and IT equipment rooms. Various PM methodologies and approaches are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested.		3454 KB
WP-124 v0	Preventive Maintenance Strategy for Data Centers In the broadening data center cost-saving and energy efficiency discussion, data center physical infrastructure preventive maintenance (PM) is sometimes neglected as an important tool for controlling TCO and downtime. PM is performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring. IT and facilities managers can improve systems uptime through a better understanding of PM best practices. This white paper describes the types of PM services that can help safeguard the uptime of data centers and IT equipment rooms. Various PM methodologies and approaches are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested.		830 KB
WP-16 v0	Protection of RS-232 Serial Connections This Technical Note explains the special power protection issues related to RS-232 cabling. First, the special vunerablities of RS-232 cabling are explained. Then appropriate protection and mitigation techniques are provided.		129 KB
WP-28 v0	Rack Powering Options for High Density in 230VAC Countries Alternatives for providing electrical power to high density racks in data centers and network rooms are explained and compared. Issues addressed include quantity of feeds, single-phase vs. three-phase, number and location of circuit breakers, overload, selection of connector types, selection of voltage, redundancy, and loss of redundancy. The need for the rack power system to adapt to changing requirements is identified and quantified. Guidelines are defined for rack power systems that can reliably deliver power to high density loads while adapting to changing needs.		209 KB
WP-28 v0	Rack Powering Options for High Density in 230VAC Countries Alternatives for providing electrical power to high density racks in data centers and network rooms are explained and compared. Issues addressed include quantity of feeds, single-phase vs. three-phase, number and location of circuit breakers, overload, selection of connector types, selection of voltage, redundancy, and loss of redundancy. The need for the rack power system to adapt to changing requirements is identified and quantified. Guidelines are defined for rack power systems that can reliably deliver power to high density loads while adapting to changing needs.		323 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		208 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		214 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		223 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		267 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		268 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		282 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		285 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		306 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		344 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		406 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		537 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		551 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		565 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		94 KB
WP-19 v1	Re-examining the Suitability of the Raised Floor for Data Center Applications The circumstances that gave rise to the development and use of the raised floor in the data center environment are examined. Many of the reasons for the raised floor no longer exist, and the problems associated with raised floors suggest that their widespread use is no longer justified or desirable for many applications.		99 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		156 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		157 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		169 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		229 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		236 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		300 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		315 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		343 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		530 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		547 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		547 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		575 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		590 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		77 KB
WP-73 v0	Reducing the Hidden Costs Associated with Upgrades of Data Center Power Capacity Scaling the power capacity of legacy UPS systems leads to hidden costs that may outweigh the very benefit that scalability intends to provide. A scalable UPS system provides a significant benefit to the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) of data center and network room physical infrastructure. This paper describes the drawbacks of scaling legacy UPS systems and how scalable rack-based systems address these drawbacks. The cost factors of both methods are described, quantified and compared.		87 KB
WP-111 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC InfraStruXure Power System The APC InfraStruXure product line offers an alternative architecture to the central UPS. MTechnology, Inc. used the techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to evaluate the reliability of the 40 kW InfraStruXure UPS and PDU with static bypass. The calculations considered the performance of the InfraStruXure in both ideal and real-world conditions. The study also compared the performance of the InfraStruXure architecture to that of a central UPS serving a hypothetical 500 kW critical load in a data center. The results showed that the InfraStruXure architecture was significantly less likely to suffer failure of all loads in the data center, and slightly less likely to experience failure in any one piece of IT equipment. This paper summarizes the key findings of MTechnology's quantitative risk assessment and discusses their implications for facility managers and designers.		249 KB
WP-111 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC InfraStruXure Power System The APC InfraStruXure product line offers an alternative architecture to the central UPS. MTechnology, Inc. used the techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to evaluate the reliability of the 40 kW InfraStruXure UPS and PDU with static bypass. The calculations considered the performance of the InfraStruXure in both ideal and real-world conditions. The study also compared the performance of the InfraStruXure architecture to that of a central UPS serving a hypothetical 500 kW critical load in a data center. The results showed that the InfraStruXure architecture was significantly less likely to suffer failure of all loads in the data center, and slightly less likely to experience failure in any one piece of IT equipment. This paper summarizes the key findings of MTechnology's quantitative risk assessment and discusses their implications for facility managers and designers.		665 KB
WP-111 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC InfraStruXure Power System The APC InfraStruXure product line offers an alternative architecture to the central UPS. MTechnology, Inc. used the techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to evaluate the reliability of the 40 kW InfraStruXure UPS and PDU with static bypass. The calculations considered the performance of the InfraStruXure in both ideal and real-world conditions. The study also compared the performance of the InfraStruXure architecture to that of a central UPS serving a hypothetical 500 kW critical load in a data center. The results showed that the InfraStruXure architecture was significantly less likely to suffer failure of all loads in the data center, and slightly less likely to experience failure in any one piece of IT equipment. This paper summarizes the key findings of MTechnology's quantitative risk assessment and discusses their implications for facility managers and designers.		814 KB
WP-109 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC Symmetra MW Power System This paper is a quantitaive reliability analysis of the APC Symmetra MW UPS performed by MTechnology, Inc. (MTech). In contrast to common MTBF calculations based on summing component failure rates, this study used techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to calculate the likelihood of over 680, 000 potential failure modes. The mathematical method accounts for uncertainty in failure rates and component performance, and provides detailed guidance as to the contribution of each system component to the overall risk of failure. The study included an exhaustive analysis of the system’s architecture, component selection, control system, manufacturing practices, and response to internal and external faults. The study also included a detailed review of APC’s delta conversion online topology.		128 KB
WP-109 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC Symmetra MW Power System This paper is a quantitaive reliability analysis of the APC Symmetra MW UPS performed by MTechnology, Inc. (MTech). In contrast to common MTBF calculations based on summing component failure rates, this study used techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to calculate the likelihood of over 680, 000 potential failure modes. The mathematical method accounts for uncertainty in failure rates and component performance, and provides detailed guidance as to the contribution of each system component to the overall risk of failure. The study included an exhaustive analysis of the system’s architecture, component selection, control system, manufacturing practices, and response to internal and external faults. The study also included a detailed review of APC’s delta conversion online topology.		141 KB
WP-109 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC Symmetra MW Power System This paper is a quantitaive reliability analysis of the APC Symmetra MW UPS performed by MTechnology, Inc. (MTech). In contrast to common MTBF calculations based on summing component failure rates, this study used techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to calculate the likelihood of over 680, 000 potential failure modes. The mathematical method accounts for uncertainty in failure rates and component performance, and provides detailed guidance as to the contribution of each system component to the overall risk of failure. The study included an exhaustive analysis of the system’s architecture, component selection, control system, manufacturing practices, and response to internal and external faults. The study also included a detailed review of APC’s delta conversion online topology.		247 KB
WP-109 v0	Reliability Analysis of the APC Symmetra MW Power System This paper is a quantitaive reliability analysis of the APC Symmetra MW UPS performed by MTechnology, Inc. (MTech). In contrast to common MTBF calculations based on summing component failure rates, this study used techniques of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) to calculate the likelihood of over 680, 000 potential failure modes. The mathematical method accounts for uncertainty in failure rates and component performance, and provides detailed guidance as to the contribution of each system component to the overall risk of failure. The study included an exhaustive analysis of the system’s architecture, component selection, control system, manufacturing practices, and response to internal and external faults. The study also included a detailed review of APC’s delta conversion online topology.		572 KB
WP-157 v0	Selecting an Industry-Standard Metric for Data Center Efficiency The development of standards for the measurement and specification of data center efficiency is an essential step in the global effort to reduce the environmental impact of data centers. This paper explains some of the metrics that have been used to describe the efficiency of data center physical infrastructure and suggests which metric is the most effective.		509 KB
WP-157 v0	Selecting an Industry-Standard Metric for Data Center Efficiency The development of standards for the measurement and specification of data center efficiency is an essential step in the global effort to reduce the environmental impact of data centers. This paper explains some of the metrics that have been used to describe the efficiency of data center physical infrastructure and suggests which metric is the most effective.		709 KB
WP-81 v0	Site Selection for Mission Critical Facilities When selecting a new site or evaluating an existing site, there are dozens of risk factors that must be considered if optimal availability is to be obtained. Geographic, site-related, building, and economic risks need to be understood and mitigated to lessen the downtime effects on your business. In this paper guidelines are established for selecting a new site or assessing an existing one. Common risks that affect the availability of a business are defined and techniques for minimizing these risks are presented.		656 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1131 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1244 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1260 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1337 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1372 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		1608 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		213 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		238 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		343 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		412 KB
WP-125 v1	Strategies for Deploying Blade Servers in Existing Data Centers When blade servers are densely packed, they can exceed the power and cooling capacities of almost all traditional data centers. This paper explains how to evaluate the options and select the best power and cooling approach for a successful and predictable blade deployment.		448 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		1051 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		180 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		279 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		298 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		360 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		388 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		468 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		481 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		543 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		648 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		651 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		680 KB
WP-79 v0	Technical comparison of On-line vs. Line-interactive UPS designs UPS systems below 5000VA are available in two basic designs: line-interactive or double-conversion on-line. This paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of each topology and addresses some common misconceptions about real-world application requirements.		735 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1033 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1147 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1243 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1251 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1373 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		1453 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		552 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		624 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		639 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		731 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		799 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		876 KB
WP-42 v3	Ten Cooling Solutions to Support High-Density Server Deployment High-density servers offer a significant performance per watt benefit. However, depending on the deployment, they can present a significant cooling challenge. Vendors are now designing servers that can demand over 40 kW of cooling per rack. With most data centers designed to cool an average of no more than 2 kW per rack, innovative strategies must be used for proper cooling of high-density equipment. This paper provides ten approaches for increasing cooling efficiency, cooling capacity, and power density in existing data centers.		949 KB
WP-149 v0	Ten Errors to Avoid When Commissioning a Data Center Data center commissioning can deliver an unbiased evaluation of whether a newly constructed data center will be an operational success or a failure. Proper execution of the commissioning process is a critical step in determining how the data center operates as an integrated system. The documentation produced as a result of commissioning is also the single, most enduring value added deliverable in a data center’s operational life. This paper outlines the ten most common errors that prevent successful execution of the commissioning process.		79 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		1044 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		1111 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		1536 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		272 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		353 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		567 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		818 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		898 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		951 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		952 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		974 KB
WP-130 v0	The Advantages of Row and Rack-Oriented Cooling Architectures for Data Centers Room cooling is an ineffective approach for next-generation data centers. Latest generation high density and variable density IT equipment create conditions that room cooling was never intended to address, resulting in cooling systems that are inefficient, unpredictable, and low in power density. Row-oriented and rack-oriented cooling architectures have been developed to address these problems. This paper contrasts room, row, and rack architectures and shows why row-oriented cooling will emerge as the preferred solution for most next generation data centers.		981 KB
WP-20 v0	The Different Types of AC Power Connectors in North America A confusing array of AC power plugs and receptacles exist to deliver power to various electronic loads. This white paper describes the different types of connectors used to power computer equipment in North America. An illustration guide is provided in the appendix to help identify the various connectors by appearance and size.		113 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		188 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		195 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		195 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		268 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		285 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		321 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		323 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		445 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		461 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		564 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		603 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		618 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		661 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		79 KB
WP-1 v5	The different types of UPS systems There is much confusion in the marketplace about the different types of UPS systems and their characteristics. Each of these UPS types is defined, practical applications of each are discussed, and advantages and disadvantages are listed. With this information, an educated decision can be made as to the appropriate UPS topology for a given need.		962 KB
WP-22 v2	Understanding EPO and its Downtime Risks An Emergency Power Off (EPO) system is intended to power down a single piece of electronic equipment or an entire installation from a single point by activating a push button. EPO is employed in many applications such as industrial processes and information technology (IT). This white paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of EPO for protecting data centers and small IT equipment rooms containing UPS systems. Various codes and standards that require EPO are discussed. Recommended practices are suggested for the use of EPO with UPS systems.		721 KB
WP-17 v0	Understanding Power Factor, Crest Factor, and Surge Factor This White paper explains the technical terms of Power Factor, Crest Factor, and Surge Factor. The use of these terms in specifying UPS is explained.		61 KB
WP-87 v0	Use of the Signal Reference Grid in Data Centers Signal reference grids are automatically specified and installed in data centers despite the fact that they are no longer needed by modern IT equipment. Even when installed, they are typically used incorrectly. This paper explains the origins of the signal reference grid, the operating principles and limitations, and why they no longer are needed.		628 KB
WP-118 v1	Virtualization: Optimized Power and Cooling to Maximize Benefits Data centers are routinely and unknowingly missing a great portion of their entitlement from virtualization. Beyond virtualization’s undisputed IT benefits – from reduced rack footprint to disaster recovery – is the parallel story of a substantial benefit from optimizing the physical infrastructure that supports it. In particular, row-based cooling, correctly sized power and cooling, and real-time capacity management are essential elements in realizing virtualization’s full potential in cost reduction, efficiency, and reliability.		1860 KB
WP-118 v1	Virtualization: Optimized Power and Cooling to Maximize Benefits Data centers are routinely and unknowingly missing a great portion of their entitlement from virtualization. Beyond virtualization’s undisputed IT benefits – from reduced rack footprint to disaster recovery – is the parallel story of a substantial benefit from optimizing the physical infrastructure that supports it. In particular, row-based cooling, correctly sized power and cooling, and real-time capacity management are essential elements in realizing virtualization’s full potential in cost reduction, efficiency, and reliability.		3050 KB
WP-118 v1	Virtualization: Optimized Power and Cooling to Maximize Benefits Data centers are routinely and unknowingly missing a great portion of their entitlement from virtualization. Beyond virtualization’s undisputed IT benefits – from reduced rack footprint to disaster recovery – is the parallel story of a substantial benefit from optimizing the physical infrastructure that supports it. In particular, row-based cooling, correctly sized power and cooling, and real-time capacity management are essential elements in realizing virtualization’s full potential in cost reduction, efficiency, and reliability.		4081 KB
WP-118 v1	Virtualization: Optimized Power and Cooling to Maximize Benefits Data centers are routinely and unknowingly missing a great portion of their entitlement from virtualization. Beyond virtualization’s undisputed IT benefits – from reduced rack footprint to disaster recovery – is the parallel story of a substantial benefit from optimizing the physical infrastructure that supports it. In particular, row-based cooling, correctly sized power and cooling, and real-time capacity management are essential elements in realizing virtualization’s full potential in cost reduction, efficiency, and reliability.		6027 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		137 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		165 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		327 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		536 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		556 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		557 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		559 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		565 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		573 KB
WP-15 v0	Watts and Volt-Amps: Powerful Confusion This note helps explain the differences between Watts and VA and explains how the terms are correctly and incorrectly used in specifying power protection equipment.		575 KB